Journal: Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering

Article Title: Efficient heat dissipation with hybrid composite-based microfluidic heat sinks in flexible electronics

doi: 10.1088/1361-6439/add89f

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. (A) Digital image of 3D printed dog-bone-like negative mould for fabricating the specimens specified as per ASTM-D638-IV standards for elasticity test. (B) Elasticity investigation for different materials (The results are represented as the Mean ± SD, based on three individual observations).

Article Snippet: To record the fluid temperature at the inlet and the outlet, a 3D printed device (utilising stereolithography 3D printer, Form3, Formlabs, Boston MA) at the inlet and outlet ports, integrated with the thermocouple was used, as shown in ESI figure S1 (inset picture).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering

Article Title: Efficient heat dissipation with hybrid composite-based microfluidic heat sinks in flexible electronics

doi: 10.1088/1361-6439/add89f

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Illustration of thermal management comparison of PDMS and PDMS-GO-PW material layer based on numerical analysis. (A) The 3D model utilized for numerical simulation. (B) Cross-section view at Plane-X sliced (y = 10 mm) to extract the temperature profile. (C) Temperature variation along the axial distance (I–I′) within the microfluidic heat sink, highlighting the improved thermal performance of PDMS-GO-PW compared to PDMS, with temperature reductions of 22 K and 8 K at different positions.

Article Snippet: To record the fluid temperature at the inlet and the outlet, a 3D printed device (utilising stereolithography 3D printer, Form3, Formlabs, Boston MA) at the inlet and outlet ports, integrated with the thermocouple was used, as shown in ESI figure S1 (inset picture).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Targeted Rapamycin Delivery via Magnetic Nanoparticles to Address Stenosis in a 3D Bioprinted in Vitro Model of Pulmonary Veins

doi: 10.1002/advs.202400476

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration of the experimental design used in this study to assess magnetic nanoparticle (NP) targeting of endothelium in bifurcated pulmonary vasculature. A) Schematic illustration of the human pulmonary vein (PV) structure in the healthy and stenotic states, i.e., PV stenosis (PVS). The inset on the rights shows the CT image of PVS (green arrow) in a human patient. B,C) A 3D standard tessellation language (STL) design of the bifurcated PVs was created, inspired by the anatomical patient data (A), and bioprinted using a digital light processing (DLP)‐based bioprinter (C). D) Prior to testing NP targeting in 3D PV models, 2D (monolayer) human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) cultures were used to optimize and assess the impact of targeted delivery of drug‐loaded magnetic NPs on cell viability and proliferation. Rapamycin‐loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs), coated with cross‐linked poly (ethylene glycol)‐co‐fumarate (PEGF) (i), were added to the EC culture media, while an N40 magnet was used externally to target the SPIONs within a randomly selected area within each well (ii). Cell cultures with SPIONs, with or without (control) rapamycin, were continued for 5 days and the reduced cell growth was analyzed via AlamarBlue, Live/Dead, and FACS cell cycle analyses (iii,iv). The timeline used for 2D cell culture assays is shown in (iv). E) 3D dynamic EC culture and NP targeting were conducted using the 3D bioprinted model of bifurcated PVs (A‐C). HUVECs were manually seeded onto the luminal space of printed channels (i), inserted within custom‐printed resin chambers (ii), and perfused via an 8‐channel peristaltic pump (iii). SPIONs ± rapamycin were added to the circulating media in the bioreactor, while an N40 magnet was inserted in a pocket inside the perfusion housing to target the SPIONs at the bifurcation site (iii). The bifurcation site was selected as the area at high risk of PVS. Dynamic 3D cultures started following a 5‐day static culture and continued for 10 days. Cell viability and growth were analyzed following the timeline shown in (iv).

Article Snippet: A 3D perfusion chamber was designed on SOLIDWORKS (SolidWorks Corp., US) and 3D printed using a Form 3 stereolithography (SLA) printer (Formlabs, US) using a clear resin.

Techniques: Control, Cell Culture

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Targeted Rapamycin Delivery via Magnetic Nanoparticles to Address Stenosis in a 3D Bioprinted in Vitro Model of Pulmonary Veins

doi: 10.1002/advs.202400476

Figure Lengend Snippet: Assessment of endothelialization on the lumen surfaces of bioprinted vascular constructs under dynamic culture. A) Schematic diagram of the perfusion chamber design, housing the bioprinted pulmonary vein (PV) constructs. Regions 1 (red) and 2 (sky blue) were selected to represent the target (bifurcation point) and off‐target (outlet) regions, respectively, that were used in this study to assess drug targeting. B) The overall study timeline for 3D static‐dynamic culture assays. C) Immunohistochemical (IHC) imaging of PV channels in regions 1 and 2 (target and off‐target), seeded with human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) and treated with rapamycin‐loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (rapa‐SPIONs) at days 5 (end of the static culture) and 15 (end of dynamic culture). The stars highlight the lumen space. Scale bars indicate 500 µm. D) Live/Dead assay conducted on day 15 of culture of PV constructs, in regions 1 and 2, treated with no SPIONs (control, top row) and with rapa‐SPIONs (bottom row). Green shows live cells and red highlights dead cells. Bottom row for each group shows the magnified view of the region highlighted (yellow box) in the top row. Scale bars in top and bottom rows of each group indicate 500 and 100 µm, respectively. E,F) Quantification of endothelial coverage (E) and HUVEC viability (F) in various groups during days 5 to 15 of culture (obtained from IHC images in C‐D). G,H) IHC imaging of bifurcation region (1) in PV construct treated with rapa‐SPION (G) and with and without rapa‐SPION (H) at day 15 of culture. Images on the right show magnified views of the thin endothelium at the bifurcation region (yellow boxes). The cyan arrows point at the jagged surface features on the surface of printed channels. Constructs were stained for WGA (red), CD31 (green), and DAPI (blue). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: A 3D perfusion chamber was designed on SOLIDWORKS (SolidWorks Corp., US) and 3D printed using a Form 3 stereolithography (SLA) printer (Formlabs, US) using a clear resin.

Techniques: Construct, Immunohistochemical staining, Imaging, Live Dead Assay, Control, Staining